Reference Values

Refer to total testosterone, albumin and SHBG tests for
reference range information.
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Free Testosterone
Males:
Prepubertal (5-9 years) <3.0* pg/mL
Age 17-55 years 90-300 pg/mL [or 9.0-30.0 ng/dL]
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Females:
Prepubertal (5-8 years) <3.0* pg/mL
Age 11-40 years 3.0-9.0* pg/mL [or 0.3-0.9 ng/dL]

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*Derived by calculation from our normative data established in
carefully screened children (6-11 yrs old) and young women(11-40
yrs old, eumenorrheic, nonhirsute, with ultrasonographically normal
ovaries, reference attached), we expect the normal upper limit
(95th percentile) of free testosterone to be <3.0 pg/ml in
prepubertal children and 9.0 pg/mL in women. For pubertal children,
free testosterone values are intermediate and fall between
prepubertal and adults values and overlap with both. For aging men
and post-menopausal women, values fall proportionally as much as or
more than total testosterone.

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References
1. Children: Bordini BD, Littlejohn EE, Rosenfeld RL. J Clin
Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 1168-1175
2. Women: Mortensen M, Ehrmann DA, Littlejohn E, Rosenfield RL. J
Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 1579-86
3. Rosenfield RL, Mortensen M, Wroblewski K, Littlejohn E, Ehrmann
DA. Determination of the source of androgen excess in functionally
atypical polycystic ovary syndrome by a short dexamethasone
androgen-suppression test and a low-dose ACTH test. Hum Reprod
2011;26:3138-46
4. Ober C, Loisel DA, Gilad Y. Sex-specific architecture of human
disease. Nat Rev Gen 2008;doi:10.1038/nrg2415.